Grammar: Future Perfect

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Grammar: Future Perfect

I. Structures

1. Positive

I	will	have	drunk	coffee.
You, we, they
He, she, it, (name)

S. + will + have + V.3 + obj./ complement

2. Negative

I	will not (won’t)	have	drunk	coffee.
You, we, they
He, she, it, (name)

S. + will + not + have + V.3 + obj./ complement

3. Question

What	will	I	have	done	tonight?
		you, we, they
		he, she, it, (name)

Will + S. + have + V.3 + obj. / complement?

                  

Short Answers
Will you have watch TV by 8 o’clock tonight?	Yes, I will.
	No, I won’t.

I. Usage

1. An activity that will be completed before another action or event in the future.

a. I will graduate in June. I will see you in July. By the time I see you, I will have graduated my study.

- Action 1: I will graduate my study in June.

- Action 2: I will see you in July.

b. By the time we get home, the match will have begun.

c. I will have accomplished the task by the time my colleague returns.

d. By the time I come to teach my students, I will have prepared the lessons.

Note: By the time introduces a time clause; the present simple is used in a time clause. The future perfect is often used with by the time.

2. An action that we think or guess it has probably happened in the recent past.

a. Why don’t you go to visit Jane? He will probably have returned from Paris.

b. I suppose you will have heard the news of the day.

c. I expect they will have won the competition.

d. You should give her a beautiful expensive gift. She will just have found it for herself.

3. An action in the future before another action in the future. This is the past in the future, and it is a specific time in the future.

a. I will have finished the writing by midnight.

b. They will be tired when they arrive. They will not have slept for a long time.

c. By 19 o’clock I will have finished the translation.

d. By next January I will have lived with my uncle for 4 months.

e. By the end of the next two months I will have been in Paris for 10 years.

Note: By, by then, by that time, …are time expressions of future perfect.

ដើម្បីទាញយកសូមធ្វើតាមជំហ៊ាន (២ជំរើស)ខាងក្រោម៖

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